![]() Naturally occurring zirconium is composed of five isotopes. Zirconium exists in the β-phase until the melting point. Īt room temperature zirconium exhibits a hexagonally close-packed crystal structure, α-Zr, which changes to β-Zr, a body-centered cubic crystal structure, at 863 ☌. Of the elements within the d-block with known electronegativities, zirconium has the fifth lowest electronegativity after hafnium, yttrium, lanthanum, and actinium. Zirconium has an electronegativity of 1.33 on the Pauling scale. Alloys with zinc are magnetic at less than 35 K. However, it will dissolve in hydrochloric and sulfuric acid, especially when fluorine is present. Zirconium is highly resistant to corrosion by alkalis, acids, salt water and other agents. ![]() In powder form, zirconium is highly flammable, but the solid form is much less prone to ignition. Zirconium is a lustrous, greyish-white, soft, ductile, malleable metal that is solid at room temperature, though it is hard and brittle at lesser purities. Zirconium compounds have no known biological role. Five isotopes occur naturally, four of which are stable. Zirconium forms a variety of inorganic and organometallic compounds such as zirconium dioxide and zirconocene dichloride, respectively. Zirconium is mainly used as a refractory and opacifier, although small amounts are used as an alloying agent for its strong resistance to corrosion. It is a lustrous, grey-white, strong transition metal that closely resembles hafnium and, to a lesser extent, titanium. The word is related to Persian zargun (zircon zar-gun, "gold-like" or "as gold"). The name zirconium is derived from the name of the mineral zircon, the most important source of zirconium. Zirconium is a chemical element with the symbol Zr and atomic number 40.
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